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Art Insight #23: Jean de Loisy

President of Palais de Tokyo

Jean de Loisy, Président du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 2014.<br>© Pierre-Anthony Allard
Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin

Created by the hands of Nicolas Bourriaud and Jérôme Sans, the Palais de Tokyo has drawn attention since it opened its doors in 2002, launching exceptional and experimental programs. The museum was favorably received as daring and fresh, while some called it an unconventional museum. Over time, the museum was also severely criticized as being unintelligible. Jean de Loisy, who has led the art museum since 2011 following the two founders and Marc-Olivier Wahler, has attempted to make drastic changes in order to reestablish the Palais de Tokyo, which had drifted away from artists, critics, and audiences, as the most innovative contemporary art center in Europe.

Expanded to three times its original size over the course of a ten-month renovation, the Palais de Tokyo finally opened again in 2012. The art museum made a fabulous comeback with an opening event of non-stop exhibitions, performance, and concert for 30 hours, and was born again as the best art and culture center in public communication and dynamic attitudes in Paris under the bold direction of Jean de Loisy. The Palais de Tokyo reopened aiming to receive 500,000 visitors a year; more than 800,000 people visit the art museum annually today. Behind the success of the art museum was Jean de Loisy’s adroitness in managing an art institution. While he invested generously toward discovering young artists and curators and attempting fresh projects, he also built an independent finance management system for the art museum by collaborating with numerous corporations and brands. Recently appointed the artistic director of the Nuit Blanche, Jean de Loisy invigorated Paris, a city suffering in the aftermath of several terrorist attacks, by choosing “love” as the theme of the festival. We met Jean de Loisy, the President of the Palais de Tokyo, who is constantly searching for ways human life, society, and art can coexist.

The Palais de Tokyo is also a place of ruins.
We can keep changing the place, and that is why the Palais de Tokyo is actually changing every single day.
- Jean de Loisy -

Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Frédéric Loucot

Q. You have been the President of the Palais de Tokyo since 2011. Compared with other art and culture institutions including museums and galleries, what is the most distinctive feature of the Palais de Tokyo?

We always have artists in the Palais de Tokyo. It is a place for artists, filled with wonders created by them. It is also a space where our lives take place. You can have lunch, listen to electronic music, or see various exhibitions and performances in the museum. It is a joyful place where you can do all of those things on the same day. The Palais de Tokyo is also a place of ruins. We can keep changing the place, and that is why the Palais de Tokyo is actually changing every single day. No two days look alike here. I think that’s the most singular feature that separates the Palais de Tokyo from other art and culture institutions.

Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin

Q. The Palais de Tokyo is famous for conducting experimental projects. The museum plans more than 200,000 exhibitions a year. What is the reason that it carries out so many projects, and what do you focus on the most while preparing the projects?

I said the Palais de Tokyo is a place of ruins before, which means that it is always provided with momentum and opportunities for change. The Palais de Tokyo has been shaped by countless artists and viewers. We are endeavoring to support artists stretch their imaginations and creative minds as far and wide as possible. Even when some of our projects seemed impossible and difficult to carry out, we never once gave up. The programs presented by the museum are not just exhibitions—they are closer to projects. We try to show exhibitions in formats the audience isn’t well acquainted with. We always try to avoid the general form of an exhibition, where the artworks are merely hung or installed in the standard frame of white cubes. It is important to find possibilities for exhibitions in new ways. We always try to break out of an existing frame in some way and find a new form of exhibition.

Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Frédéric Loucot

Q. The Palais de Tokyo has done many collaboration works via 42 partnerships with about 100 corporations and brands (as of 2015). The museum was also chosen by the 2014 European Cultural Brands Awards as the most innovative cultural brand. What is your opinion on collaboration between art and corporations?

I think collaboration between art and corporations, which is very active today, is very important and necessary. Corporations have the expertise and management strategies in other sectors that can help us, the art sector, by offering new points of view and helping us understand the society better. Financial collaboration between companies and art is crucial. In our case, about 65 percent of the total budget is covered by the collaboration between corporations along with revenue from the restaurant and bookstore, which allows us to build an autonomous and independent management system. Unlike other national museums or art galleries, the Palais de Tokyo is a business and an independent brand owned by Ville de Paris. Like other companies, we have to strive for the continuous growth of the Palais de Tokyo. For these reasons, the Palais de Tokyo is not only confined to the art and culture sector, but launching various activities to expand toward other areas. These days, many contemporary artists have a great interest in companies and brands. There are also many corporations that want to discover and support talented artists. Through the collaboration between art and corporations, we could find a new form of creation. It could also give us an opportunity to discover new audiences and artists.

  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Cheik/CNDprod.

    Q. Last year, the Palais de Tokyo worked with 159 artists in total and was visited by more than 800,000 people. The museum has undoubtedly become the center of contemporary art. What is the future direction of the Palais de Tokyo? Can you tell us about projects you have planned?

    The Palais de Tokyo was established by the French Ministry of Culture, which means that we have a duty to perform: informing the public of the brilliant talents of the world regardless of their nationality. To perform this duty, the Palais de Tokyo has participated in international art events such as biennales or art fairs. Supporting the artist so that they can be introduced to the global stage and be acknowledged is our role, and we endeavor to keep improving our performance in realizing this purpose. We are also planning to organize regular international art events such as a ‘monumenta’ or biennale. These projects are long-term goals that will require tremendous effort and time. Lastly, we are very much interested in art education. We are preparing an atelier program so that the Palais de Tokyo becomes not only a space for exhibitions, but a place for education. The program will be a new kind of an art education program directly run by contemporary artists. We are planning to launch the program next year.

  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Cheik/CNDprod.

    Q. Starting from 2002, Nuit Blanche has been held in cities all around the world beyond France. You worked as the artistic director of the festival this year. Could you introduce Nuit Blanche and explain this year’s theme? What do you think is meaningful and important about the festival?

    Nuit Blanche is a public art festival where citizens can come out to their cities and see, listen to, and experience artworks. The festival is held from the first Saturday night of October to early morning, giving a mysterious, dreamlike experience to the audience. Lively experiences you had during Nuit Blanche become blurry like a dream the next day. The moments you enjoyed are intangible and temporary, which makes them more beautiful. If art pieces are only placed on a public place, that cannot be called Nuit Blanche. The festival should be about telling stories to citizens through artworks, and the citizens empathizing with the stories and sharing the meaning of the artworks. The theme of the 15th Nuit Blanche this year was “the journey of love.” About two million citizens walked around Paris along the Seine decorated with artworks. It was a confession of the citizen’s love for contemporary art.

Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin

Q. You have seen Korean artists and their works for the past few years through international events such as biennales. What do you see in Korean contemporary art?

The Korean contemporary art has shown various facets across many generations. It is also balanced properly between the two flows: the Western influence and the effects from global culture. I think that is quite an interesting feature. Korean contemporary art has been receiving attention in the global art scene since the 1950s, and is rapidly developing today. Many Korean artists that represent Korea today are actively creating artworks on the global stage. The Palais de Tokyo has introduced the artist Lee Bul, and more recently, Ayoung Kim, who participated in the Pavillon program. When I visited the ‘Gwangju Biennale’, I saw very original and experimental artworks and galleries in Korea, which departed from the existing frame of art institutions and galleries. I think the atypical artistic tendencies being established in Korea hint at an interesting and important change.

Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin

Q. Lastly, any words of advice for young artists and curators?

Contraire à ce qu’il faut faire, contraire à ce que les autres font— You should object to what people think they should do. You should be against what other people do. ■ with ARTINPOST

  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Frédéric Loucot

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Frédéric Loucot
  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Frédéric Loucot

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Frédéric Loucot
  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Frédéric Loucot

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Frédéric Loucot
  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Cheik/CNDprod.

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Cheik/CNDprod.
  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Cheik/CNDprod.

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Cheik/CNDprod.
  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Cheik/CNDprod.

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Cheik/CNDprod.
  • Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012.

    ©Cheik/CNDprod.

    Vue de l'(Entre)ouverture du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 12 & 13 avril 2012. ©Cheik/CNDprod.
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Numen/For Use, Tape Paris, 2014
    Photo : Numen/For Use

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Numen/For Use, Tape Paris, 2014<br>Photo : Numen/For Use
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Numen/For Use, Tape Paris, 2014
    Photo : Numen/For Use

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Numen/For Use, Tape Paris, 2014<br>Photo : Numen/For Use
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Photo : André Morin

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Photo : André Morin

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Photo : André Morin

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Photo : André Morin

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin
  • Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).

    Photo : André Morin

    Vue de l’exposition « Inside », Palais de Tokyo (20.10.14 – 11.01.15).<br>Photo : André Morin

Profile

Jean de Loisy, Président du Palais de Tokyo (Paris), 2014.<br>© Pierre-Anthony Allard

An art critic and curator born in France, Jean de Loisy graduated from the École du Louvre, which is a higher education establishment operated under the French Ministry of Culture. From 1983 to 1986, he has been the director of the Regional Contemporary Art Fund(Fonds Régional d’Art Contemporain, FRAC) of Pays de la Loire, founding an association of FRAC directors during his term. From 1986 to 1988, when Jacques Chirac served as the Prime Minister, Jean de Loisy worked for the Ministry of Culture to perform duties related to contemporary interpretation of historic monuments and cultural assets. From 1989 to 1991, he managed exhibition planning at Carré d’Art at Nîmes. Jean de Loisy worked as a curator at the Fondation Cartier in 1990 and at the Centre Pompidou from 1994 to 1997. He has been the President of Palais de Tokyo since 2011. He served as the artistic director of the 2016 Nuit Blanche.

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